Construção e Investigação de Evidências de Validade de uma Escala de Habilidades de Líderes de Equipes Virtuais
Resumo
O objetivo é construir e validar uma escala de Habilidades de líderes de Equipes Virtuais (HLEV). A escala foi desenvolvida a partir da literatura e de conteúdos de um programa de treinamento oferecido para líderes de equipes virtuais. A construção dos itens e a investigação de evidências de validade semântica e de conteúdo contaram com a contribuição de diferentes atores. Para a validação empírica aplicou-se o instrumento a uma amostra de líderes treinados (n=262) e não treinados (n=244) e realizou-se a Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE) e Semiconfirmatória dos resultados com o software Factor. A análise evidenciou que a escala possui estrutura unidimensional com 25 itens e validade e consistência internas. Os itens apresentaram cargas fatoriais de 0,608 a 0,915. As comunalidades foram maiores que 0,50, e a variância total explicada foi 70,61%. O RMSEA foi 0,042, IC 90% (0,033-0,042); o Non-Normed Fit Index (NNFI)/ Tucker-Lewis Index(TLI) 0,998. Os índices de fidedignidade e ajuste tiveram valores aceitáveis, indicando que o instrumento mede o construto proposto. Este trabalho apresenta avanços na área de treinamento e de equipes virtuais e fornece subsídios aos que intencionem implantar equipes virtuais, podendo aplicar o instrumento como ferramenta de diagnóstico de habilidades e para ações de treinamento.
Palavras-chave: Escala; Habilidade; Teletrabalho; Equipes virtuais; Liderança.
Abstract
The objective is to construct and validate a scale of Virtual Team Leader Skills (VTLS). The scale was developed based on literature and content from a training program offered to virtual team leaders. The item construction and investigation of semantic and content validity evidence involved the contribution of various stakeholders. For empirical validation, the instrument was applied to a sample of trained managers (n=262) and untrained managers (n=244), and Exploratory and Semi-confirmatory Factor Analyses were conducted using the Factor software. The analysis revealed that the scale has a one-dimensional structure with 25 items and internal validity and consistency. The items showed factor loadings from 0.608 to 0.915. The communalities were greater than 0.50 and the total explained variance was 70.61%. The RMSEA was 0.042, 90% CI (0.033-0.042); Non-Normed Fit Index (NNFI)/Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.998. Reliability and fit indices had acceptable values, indicating that the instrument measures the proposed construct. This work contributes to the field of training and virtual teams and it provides insights to implement virtual teams, allowing them to use the instrument as a skills diagnostic tool and for the development of training and competency development actions.
Keywords: Scale; Skill; Telecommuting; Virtual teams; Leadership.
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